Improving Resource Allocation for Data Center Overbooking

Improving Resource Allocation for Data Center Overbooking M.Ponmani Bharathi, C.Sindhuja, S.Vaishnavi, Ms.A.Judith Arockia Gladies Abstract Overbooking becomes feasible because user applications tend to overestimate their resources and requirements, that tends to utilize only a fraction of the allocated resources. Overbooking has to be carefully planned in order not to impact application performance. Resource utilization and Data centres utilization can be used in this overbooking scheduler. Data send can send from sources to destination via node. Resource utilization and allocated capacity can be increased by 50% with acceptable performance degradation. Fuzzy logic functions are used to check each overbooking decisions and estimate it. Changing the acceptable level of risk is depending on the current status of the cloud data centres. The suggested approach is extensively evaluated using a combination of simulations and experiments executing real cloud applications with real-life available workloads. Our results show a 50% increment at both resource utilization and capacity allocated with acceptable performance degradati on and more stable resource utilization over time. Keywords: Proportional Integral Derivative (PID), Mitigation algorithm, Greedy algorithm 1. Introduction Authors Data set for overbooking levels. It is collections of some Services and work loading data. The data that represents the collection of fields that will be returned when the data set query runs on the data source. Dataset fields represent the data from a data connection. A field can represent either numeric or non-numeric data. Main features provided by cloud is elasticity, allows users to dynamically adjust resources allocations depending on their current needs. The objective is to make an efficient use of available resources, overestimating the required capacity results in poor resource utilization. Factors contributing to lower the Data Centre Utilization: cloud provides predefined VM Sizes, which have fixed amount of CPU, memory Disk Etc. A set of distributed PID controllers are implemented to avoid performance degradation and to increase and keep the utilization evenly distributed among the servers. Overbooking addresses the utilization problems that cloud data centres face due to the elastic nature of cloud services. Overbooking has to be carefully planned in order not to impact application performance. It present an overbooking framework that performs admission control decisions based on fuzzy logic risk assessments of each incoming service deployment request. If delay beyond slack on critical path is initiated, then the completion time of the project may get delayed. Resource levelling is a method for smoothing a schedule that attempts to minimize the fluctuations in requirements for resources when the project completion time is fixed. Users are usually bad at estimating the requirements of their applications. This low resource utilization is a big concern for cloud data centred providers as data centres consume l ot of energy and are being used in a rather inefficient way. Energy consumption does not decrease linearly with resource usage. One way cloud providers can mitigate these resource utilization problems is by overbooking. The overbooking techniques always expose the infrastructure to a risk of resource congestion upon unexpected situations and consequently to SLA violations. This leads to: Overestimating the required capacity results in poor resource utilization. Lower income from consumers. The contrary, underestimating may lead to performance degradation and/or crashes. Overbooking is to address the utilization problems that cloud data centres face due to the elastic nature of cloud services. Overbooking has to be carefully planned in order not to impact application performance. It present an overbooking framework that performs admission control decisions based on fuzzy logic risk assessments of each incoming service deployment request. A set of distributed PID controllers are implemented to avoid performance degradation and to increase and keep the utilization evenly distributed among the servers. Overbooking within cloud data centres to increase resource utilization in a safe and balanced way. The cloud paradigm also introduces new obstacles for efficient resource management. The very large scale and multi-tenant nature of cloud infrastructures offers great potential for efficient multiplexing of different services. Our initial work on this problem include scheduling for better server utilization and admission control for capacity planning, getting an initial understanding of the overbooking problem and the risk evaluation, respectively. Cloud applications do not use the same amount of hardware resources all the time. This low resource utilization is a big concern for cloud data centred providers as data centres consume lot of energy and are being used in a rather inefficient way. One way cloud providers can mitigate these resource utilization problems is by overbooking. Figure 1 Overbooking Fuzzy Risk Assessment 2. Mitigation Algorithm for Reducing Service Level Mitigation method is used to avoid sun expected misbehaviors, such as reducing the service level of some services to avoid performance degradation. This Algorithm is used to collocate, reducing the performance degradation when overbooking. This algorithm also clear traffics for data center overbooking utilization. Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) controller is a generic control loop feedback mechanism. PID calculates the differences between the measured and desired set points attempts to minimize it by reading the control input.PID involves three parameter, Present error(P), Accumulated error(I), Prediction of error may occur (D). 1. Data Collection Dataset for overbooking levels is a collection of some Services and work loading data. The data that representing the collection of fields that will return when the dataset queries runs on the data source. Dataset fields represent the data from a data connection. A field can represent either numeric or non-numeric data. 2. Overbooking Overbooking is techniques used as a solution to poor resource utilization in cloud data centres. Overbooking is mainly used to handle the data centred resource utilization problems and overbooking. An implemented an autonomic overbooking framework. An autonomic framework that provides better application performance, avoiding over passing total capacity at any of the dimensions will be provided. 3. Resources Utilizations It determines the shortest project schedule with the limited resources available. 4. Schedule with collocation It presents a greedy approach that perform traffic-aware VM placement to increase the rate of accepted requests. It avoid repeating poor performance and to increase the chances of good collocations. VMs are suitable to be collocated for improved utilization and stable performance. 5. Prediction method The prediction step calculates a rough approximation of the desired quantity. The corrector step refines the initial approximation using another means. Overbooking system as well as admission control techniques when dealing with elastic services need insight in future resource usage. Service requirements to avoid performance degradation due to overloaded physical resources. 3. Distribution of PID Controller PID controlled this fact motivates the use of feedback to adjust the level of risk that the overbooking system is willing to face over time. We also evaluate the distributed controller approach when the data centre size is reduced to 128 cores. Furthermore, choosing an acceptable risk threshold has an impact on data centred utilization and performance. High thresholds result in higher utilization but the expense of exposing the system to performance degradation, whilst using lower values leads to lower but safer resource utilization. When overbooking CPU and I/O capacity, and a more realistic approach for the memory. The rationale for this is that problems resulting from CPU or I/O congestion are less critical than the ones coming from running out of memory. Therefore, the different risk degrees presented can be combined according to the situation, considered capacity dimensions, knowledge about the incoming service, etc. The risk assessment module gets no feedback about the current status and behaviour of the system, the current workload mixture, the data centre size, etc. In order to address this issue, we propose here a control theory approach that dynamically (re)adjusts risk thresholds depending on the system behaviour and the desired utilization n levels, allowing the admission control to learn over time depending on current system behaviour. PID Controller works properly if the performance is measured at the data centre level, obtaining a smooth utilization fluctuations (close enough to the target one) for each congested capacity dimension. However, the utilization of each server may vary from the accumulated utilization – even after applying load balancing techniques. This effect cannot be totally avoided as load imbalance is also caused by the current workload characteristics. To reduce load imbalance we propose a distributed controller approach where each physical server has its own PID controllers, one for each capacity dimension. 4. Related Techniques Mathematical models for SaaS providers to satisfy customers by leasing Cloud resources from multiple IaaS providers. It proposes three innovative admission control and scheduling algorithms for profit maximization by minimizing cost and maximizing customer satisfaction level. It demonstrates effectiveness of the proposed models and algorithms through an extended evaluation study by varying customer and provider side parameters to analyze which solution suits best in which scenario to maximize SaaS providers profit using actual IaaS data from Amazon and Go Grid. An extensive evaluation to study and analyze which solution suits best in which scenario to maximize SaaS provider’s profit. In-house hosting can increase administration and maintenance costs whereas renting from an IaaS provider can impact the service quality due to its variable performance. Dynamic consolidation of virtual machines (VMs) is an effective way to improve the utilization of resources and energy efficiency in cloud data centres. The problem of host overload detection by maximizing the mean inter migration time under the specified QoS goal based on a Markov chain model. Through simulations with workload traces from more than a thousand Planet Lab VMs, we show that our approach outperforms the best benchmark algorithm and provides approximately 88 percent of the performance of the optimal offline algorithm. The data center efficiency is been improved and more enterprises are been to consolidate the existing system. All system resources and centralizing resource management allow increasing overall utilization and lowering management costs. Server consolidation has emerged as a promising technique to reduce the data centre energy cost. We also present a distinguished analysis of an enterprise server workload from the perspective of consolidation and finding characteristics for it. Then observing a significant inherent for power savings if consolidation is performed using off-peak values for application demand. An implementation of the methodologies in a consolidation planning tool and provide a comprehensive evaluation study of the proposed methodologies. The size applications by an off-peak metric and place correlated applications together; there is a high risk of SLA capacity violation. If consolidation is performed by reserving the maximum utilization for each application, the application may require capacity equal to the size of its current entitlements. As per the size of the cloud increases, the anticipation that all workloads paralyze scale up to their maximum demands. In this observation multiplexing is allowed to access cloud resources among multiple workloads, resource information have been improved. Hosting virtualized loads such that available physical capacity is smaller than the sum of maximal demands of the workloads is referred to as over-commit or over-subscription. It computationally and storage efficiently, while maintaining sufficient accuracy. It is simple method of estimating total effective nominal demand of a cloud and uses it for capacity sizing and placement reservation plan that is compliant with SLA. 5. Conclusion Overbooking has to be carefully planned in order not to impact application performance. A set of distributed PID controllers are implemented to avoid performance degradation and to increase and keep the utilization evenly distributed among the servers. Feedback control is used to adapt the level of overbooking (risk threshold) that the cloud data centre has tolerating capacity. The utilization technique of data centre is not only increased in overall but also harmonized across hardware capacity dimensions and servers. A set of distributed PID controllers are implemented to avoid performance degradation and to increase and keep the utilization evenly distributed among the servers. References [1] A. Ali-Eldin, J. Tordsson, and E. Elmroth, â€Å"An adaptive hybrid elasticity controller for cloud infrastructures,† in Proc. of Network Operations and Management Symposium (NOMS), 2012, pp. 204–212. [2] A. Sulistio, K. H. Kim, and R. Buyya, â€Å"Managing cancellations and no-shows of reservations with overbooking to increase resource revenue,† in Proc. of Intl. Symposium on Cluster Computing and the Grid (CCGrid), 2008, pp. 267–276. [3] X. Meng, C. Isci, J. Kephart, L. Zhang, E. Bouillet, and D. Pendarakis,â€Å"Efficient resource provisioning in compute clouds via VM multiplexing,† in Proc. Intl. Conference of Autonomic Computing (ICAC), 2010, pp. 11–20. [4] Y. C. Lee and A. Y. Zomaya, â€Å"Energy efficient utilization of resources in cloud computing systems,† The Journal of Supercomputing, vol. 60, no. 2, pp. 268–280, 2012. [5] L. A. Barroso and U. Holzle, â€Å"The case for energy-proportional computing,† Computer, vol. 40, no. 12 pp. 33–37, 2007. [6] C. Mastroianni, M. Meo, and G. Papuzzo, â€Å"Probabilistic consolidationof virtual machines in self-organizing cloud data centers,† IEEE Transactions on Cloud Computing, vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 215–228, 2013. [7] T. Wo, Q. Sun, B. Li, and C. Hu, â€Å"Overbooking-based resource allocation in virtualized data center,† in Proc of 15th IEEE International Symposium on Object/Component/Service-Oriented Real-Time Distributed Computing Workshops (ISORCW), 2012, pp. 142–149. [8] L. Larsson, D. Henriksson, and E. Elmroth, â€Å"Scheduling and monitoring of internally structured services in cloud federations,† in Proc. of IEEE Intl. Symposium on Computers and Communications (ISCC), 2011, pp. 173–178. [9] D. Breitgand, Z. Dubitzky, A. Epstein, O. Feder, A. Glikson, I. Shapira, and G. Toffetti, â€Å"Pulsar: An adaptive utilization accelerator for iaas clouds,† in IEEE International Conference on Cloud Engineering (IC2E), 2014. [10] M. Dobber, R. van der Mei, and G. Koole, â€Å"A prediction method for job runtimes on shared processors: Survey, statistical analysis and new avenues,† Performance Evaluation, vol. 64, no. 7-8, pp. 755–781, 2007. M. Ponmani Bharathi, currently studying B.E. computer science and engineering in ultra college of Engineering and Technology for women at Madurai C sindhuja, currently studying B.E. computer science and engineering in ultra college of Engineering and Technology for women at Madurai S.vaishnavi, currently studying B.E. computer science and engineering in ultra college of Engineering and Technology for women at Madurai Ms.A.Judith Arockia Gladies received her bachelor’s degree (B.Tech-Bachelor of Information Technology) from Raja College of engineering and Technology, Madurai, and affiliated to Anna University, Chennai, and then did her Master Degree in computer science and engineering from Raja College Of Engg and Tech, Madurai. She is currently working as an Asst Prof in Ultra College of Engg Tech for Women, Madurai.

Japanese Culture and Politics Essay

The historical development of Shinto cannot be separated from the entire history of Japanese religion, culture and politics holding the Japanese mentality to the path of creative progress and versatility of self-development. From the fate of the Emperor’s courts in different eras, with the rise and fall of other religious orders such as the Buddhist groups and the overall destiny of the nation, the fate of Shinto is intertwined in every aspect. Shinto had already started to about 300 B. C. E. and was considered as the most significant religion in Japan. In reality, there is no specific dates nor enough data or hard evidence of Shinto’s origins, as such, it may trace back even before the 300 B. C. E. Just like Shinto’s origins, the origins of civilization on the Japanese islands remain cloudy. Various communities gathered together during the Stone Age. As early as the 300s and 200s B. C. E. , tightly knit societies were appearing, but the mountainous terrain of the home islands kept settlements relatively isolated. Although Shinto tradition traces the ancestry of the Japanese imperial family back to the 600s B. C. E., there is no evidence of an organized Japanese government before the 300s or 400s C. E. Body The history of Shinto is connected to the development of growth of states. The first imperial state was ruled by the Yamato family, starting in the 300s or 400s C. E. From the start, the Shinto religion- which remained important even after the arrival of new faiths like Buddhism- legitimated the emperors, declaring them descendants of the sun goddess. The Yamato initially ruled from Nara, which, until the late 700s, serves as Japan’s capital. During the Nara period (ca. 300-794 C. E. ), the foundations of the Japanese nation were laid. Japan also came into contact with Korea and China. The Chinese had a tremendous influence on the development of Japanese art, architecture, literature and religion. It was from China and through Korea that, in 522 Buddhism arrived in Japan (McCannon 2006). However, Shinto was already greatly present in early Japan, as such, they were able to develop their own state different from that of China Shinto has been considered to be the creative spirit, and on the contrary, as a firmly fixed source of nationalism in Japan. Although the roles need not be incompatible, the question draws attention to two faces of Shinto. There are folk origins as well as cults encouraged by governments, and these have not always coexisted harmoniously. During the development of State Shinto, the conflict and peace reaches its peak. The Meiji period government, in the interests of manipulating Shinto as a state ideology, was prepared to sacrifice the entire popular spirituality of Shinto to the extent of suppressing shrines and removing kami from communities. This underlines the dual origins of Shinto and the ways in which local and national interests have not always been harmonized. The august status of the Grand Shrines of Ise, the Amaterasu greatly shows how Shinto had affected the people’s respect towards the Imperial tradition (Picken, 1994). Shinto religion became the core of some social classes and basis for economy, traditions and customs. During the time when sengoku daimyo and the three great unifiers were struggling for political supremacy, they adopted and utilized various methods with varying degrees of success to overcome basic administrative difficulties. Sengoku daimyo and the national hegemons encountered difficulty in bringing the commercial segments of the society under their control. The existence of a growing national market in central Japan where most of the large scale transactions involving goods from the distant provinces were conducted in the sixteenth century and which remained relatively free of any political control during much of that century, did not permit the sengoku daimyo and the national hegemons to regulate the growing commercial activities to their advantages (Hall et. al. 1983). Through Shinto, the society was divided into classes, where many sengoku daimyo introduced the system of rule by law to strengthen their authority in their respective domains. Also, by focusing on Shinto religion, sengoku daimyo was able to have the absolute loyalty of its subordinates, discouraging localized or scattered loyalties. Moreover, early believers of Shinto greatly respected animals. They believed that these are God’s messengers and because of these, the early Japanese created statues such as â€Å"Koma-inu† on their temple grounds. Japanese culture also flourished with ceremonies correlated to the practice of Shinto and some of these include cleansing, prayers and dances greatly attributed to Kami. In addition to this, they also practiced Kagura, a dance perfected by its performers with an accompaniment of ancient musical instruments (Robinson 1995). Conclusion The historical development of Shinto cannot be separated from the entire history of Japanese religion, culture and politics holding the Japanese mentality to the path of creative progress and versatility of self-development. From the development or origins of Shinto, the states of early Japanese period came into realization. State Shinto is one of the great examples of the states created using Shinto as its foundation. Aside from its states, the rulers of state before the Tokugawa period were chosen with the blessings of the gods of Shinto. The divine providence given to these rulers strengthened their power over their subordinates. Just like the power of the sengoku daimyo during the Warring period. They were able to obtain absolute loyalty from their subordinates and the other classes. Shinto did not only create Japan’s early states and leaders, but also molded its culture, customs and traditions. Early beliefs on Shinto gave life to the Japanese society, illuminating it with dances and ceremonies. As a whole, early Japanese culture and politics developed its own identity becoming one of the countries with great sense of nationalism because of Shinto. Works Cited Hall, John Whitney, Nagahara Keiji, and Kozo Yamamura. â€Å"Japan before Tokugawa: Political Consolidation and Economic Growth, 1500 to 1650. † Public Affairs 53. 2 (Summer 1983): 332-34. McCannon, John. Barron’s How to Prepare for the Ap World History Advanced Placement. New York: Barron’s Educational Series, Inc. , 2006.

Assessment of Developmental Stages of a Child - 1489 Words

The significance of milestones Milestones are usually grouped together in five major areas which are to be assessed during the growth and development of a child. They are: physical growth, cognitive development, language development, and sensory and motor development. The assessment of the physical development of a child is very important during the growth and development of a child from infancy to adolescence and also the later years, it helps in that it allows the parents of the child as well as health care workers to see if there are any abnormalities in the child during this period of time. The assessment of the cognitive development of the child is also very important in order to detect if the child has any difficulties in†¦show more content†¦Piaget observed that cognitive development refers to changes that occur in an individual’s cognitive structure, ability to process from childhood to adulthood. Piaget went on to state that at this stage (concrete operations 7-11), the child should be able to; conceptualize effectively, solve problems easily and create logics based on his or her cognitive experiences. The child observed was able to have discussions on a more logical basis and gave positive responses. The child was able to sit with the researcher and have discussions about her life as a little girl. She was asked different questions such as; what she would like to become in the future? How big would she like her house to be? What type of car would she like to own? Among others, she gave positive responses and seems to be well prepared for her future. 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Nandos - 8323 Words

Part I ______________________ INTRODUCTION ORIGIN OF REPORT This project was assigned to us in our Marketing Research course, in order to gain a practical understanding of what it takes to actually implement marketing research in a company. Our faculty gave us the liberty to choose any company of any industry, and thus we chose to do our report on Nando’s Chicken Restaurants, Bangladesh. OBJECTIVES The objective of this report was to analyze and evaluate the service delivery process of Nando’s Restaurant. Also, the project aimed to evaluate the existing service delivery process with the help of tools such as the GAP Model, the SERVQUAL scale, the 8 P’s of Service Marketing, the Flower of Services, and the†¦show more content†¦They took their unique Peri-Peri chicken with them. Some prospectors found digging for gold too tough and decided that feeding hungry miners with their Peri-Peri chicken would be a more lucrative business. 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Global Locations Nandos has locations in Australia, Bangladesh, Bahrain, Kuwait, Botswana, Canada, Cyprus, Democratic Republic of Congo, Fiji, Ghana, India, Indonesia, Ireland, Israel, Lebanon, Lesotho, Malawi, Malaysia, Mauritius, Namibia, New Zealand, Nigeria, Oman, Pakistan, Qatar, Portugal, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, Sri Lanka,Show MoreRelatedAlive Nando Parrado808 Words   |  4 Pagesare all you can take. It is important for the reader to learn that there are scarifies an individual must make to attain goals because one will become more successful in completing their goals resulting in self achievement. In the story, Alive Nando Parrado, Roberto Canessa and Antonio Vizintà n sacrifice their dignity and test their faith in order to survive. One of the characters that were willing to sacrifice their pride for the circumstances they were under was Canessa because he was the firstRead MoreNandos2359 Words   |  10 PagesNandos ________________________________________________________ Nando’s, is a well-known fast food restaurant which was found in 1987 in South Africa. Nando’s is specializing in chicken, especially its unique Mozambican-Portuguese style of Peri-Peri Flamed Grilled Chicken. Nando’s opened its first international strore 12 years ago and the Nando’s Peri-Peri trail has blazed from South Africa across the seas to other 22 countries, comprising 400 stores worldwide. The signature menu item at Nando’sRead MoreNandos1946 Words   |  8 PagesContents 1.0 Introduction†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.3 2.0 Swot Analysis†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..4 2.1 Strengths 2.2 Weakness†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.5,6 2.3 Opportunities†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...6 2.4 Threats 3.0 4 Functions of Management†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..........†¦.6 3.1 Planning †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.............7 3.2 Leading †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦........7,8 3.3 Organising†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦......†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...Read MoreNandos1660 Words   |  7 PagesNANDO’S SOUTH AFRICA FEATURE ‘LOCAL GONE SUCCESS STORY global’ With casual dining chain Nando’s about to celebrate its 25th anniversary, Thabang Ramogase, Marketing Manager, spells out the brand’s expansion plans. By Ian Armitage 20 www.southafricamag.com Nando’s FEATURE hat the world’s appetite for spicy chicken is growing is evident from the fact that South African casual dining chain Nando’s continues to expand. Nando’s is one of South Africa’s most enduring and risque brandsRead MoreCoaching at Nandos2885 Words   |  12 PagesCoaching at Nandos Author: Melanie Salle - 2010 Content page Executive summary p.3 1.1 Introduction p.3 1.2 Literature review p.3 2 Method p.5 3 Results/ Findings p.5 4 Discussion/ Analysis p.6 5 Evaluation p.7 6 Conclusion p.7 7 Recommendations p.7 References p.8 Appendix 1 p.9 2 Executive summary This report aimed to examine how the chain of restaurants ‘Nandos’ successfully implemented coaching in itsRead MoreNandos Analysis5199 Words   |  21 Pagescomes in their mind. 20% of total people said about service and good environment. 18% said about high nutritious food. From the above graph it is clear that when a person thinks about Nando’s, firstly status and price comes to his mind. It means Nando;s makes its position as a high priced restaurant. Strategy: âž ¢ Provides more advertisement in the media. âž ¢ Convince the customers that the food quality is good and it gives prestige. âž ¢ If they cannot focused on good environment and serviceRead MoreNandos Services Operations Analysis Essay3534 Words   |  15 Pagesservice sector operations management for Nando‟s Stroud Green in London. It is based on information gained from visiting the restaurant on several occasions to interview the management and staff, observations from visits as a mystery customer. The slips confirming the visits are attached to the report. The theoretical concepts for service management operations have been used and applied to the restaurant operations. Firstly the ownership and management of Nando‟s will be described and its service conceptRead MoreNando`S Marketing Mix958 Words   |  4 PagesQuestion 1 1.1 (1) The cost varience report is a listing of allowable expenses compared with the actual expenses incurred. (2) The actual unit cost is the cost of producing a single products or unit measure of output or service. The budget unit cost is a plan or forecast, of a single unit measure of output or service. The conclusion is that the cost of goods and services is more expensive. (3) The cost variable report can assist you to select the right cost by giving you the list of allRead MoreSwot Analysis Kenny Rogers vs Nandos844 Words   |  4 Pages1.a) Explain the meaning of ‘interorganizational’ in relation to marketing channel. Management of the marketing channel involves the use of interorganizational management (managing more than one firm) rather than intraorganizational management (managing one firm). They are seen as sets of interdependent organizations which, by an exchange of outputs, are involved in the process of making a product or service available for consumption. Interorganizational, that is a marketing channel is not justRead MorePerseverance : The Value Of Life757 Words   |  4 Pagesman named Nando Parrado. Nando experienced many hardships in just over 2 months said â€Å"Even here, even as we suffer, life is still worth living.† He shows the value of life with his words of experience ,and wisdom. Perseverance, why you should make the most of your life, and we all go through hardship in our lives you just need to work through them are some of the main points he has to say after his hardships. These words also teach us experienced ways to approach our own hardships. Nando Parrado’s